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Macro-Khoisan etymology : Search within this database Total of 481 record 25 pages
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1 1 \data\bush\khoiet
Proto-Khoisan : *th[u]i
Meaning : bird
Notes : A Sandawe-Hadza isogloss.
Proto-Khoisan : *t(h)V
Meaning : water, rain
Notes : As in most other cases, Khoe and Sandawe items match better (here, phonetically) than with Hadza.
Proto-Khoisan : *Ti
Meaning : 1st person pronoun sg. (emphatic form?)
Notes : Khoe and Sandawe forms are easily reconcilable assuming palatalization in Sandawe; in Bushman, however, the only detectable parallel for now seems to be the special emphatic form de in !Xóõ.
Proto-Khoisan : *ti-
Meaning : thigh
Notes : The Sandawe parallel is acceptable if -pha is an old suffix (or if the loss of inlaut labials in Khoe turns out to be a regular process).
Proto-Khoisan : *tič̣i [~]
Meaning : black
Notes : Not found outside Hadza.
Proto-Khoisan : *T(L)a-
Meaning : lightning
Proto-Khoisan : *TŨ
Meaning : dark
Notes : Sandawe and Khoe forms can be matched according to the (still rather weak) suggestion that dental consonants can serve as a source for secondary palatal clicks. Much less clear would be the situation with the Bushman roots.
Proto-Khoisan : *TV
Meaning : interrogative stem
Proto-Khoisan : *tV
Meaning : negative morpheme
Notes : A Sandawe-Khoe isogloss.
Proto-Khoisan : *tV
Meaning : conjunctive particle
Proto-Khoisan : *TV [~]
Meaning : to hear
Notes : The semantic correlation "ask" - "hear" is sometimes encountered in the world's languages, so the comparison is provisionally acceptable.
Proto-Khoisan : *tV [~]
Meaning : to lie
Proto-Khoisan : *tV [~]
Meaning : thou
Notes : Not found outside Hadza. 2nd p. pr. in t- is unknown to the other Khoisan languages, but quite indicative of Afro-Asiatic (another argument in favor of the non-Khoisan status of Hadza).
Proto-Khoisan : *TVBV
Meaning : salt
Notes : The North Khoisan forms can represent early borrowings from Khoe (or even independent borrowings into different dialect clusters, considering inconsistent vocalic correspondences within the branch).
Proto-Khoisan : *TVḳV
Meaning : to spit
Notes : One of the best examples of the possible origin of the palatal click in Khoe (development from an original dental click).
Proto-Khoisan : *tVm
Meaning : to swallow
Notes : A Sandawe-Khoe isogloss.
Proto-Khoisan : *tVqV [~]
Meaning : dog
Notes : The Sandawe connection is very tentative; really just a Peripheral Khoisan root (although a good common one).
Proto-Khoisan : *TVTVbV
Meaning : butterfly
Notes : Expressive root, but quite likely of common origin.
Proto-Khoisan : *t(h )U
Meaning : ashes
Notes : Borrowing is almost out of the question, since it does not explain pharyngealization in North Khoisan and some other phonetic peculiarities. On the other hand, cf. also Proto-Bantu *-tó "ashes".
Proto-Khoisan : *u
Meaning : to go; to take to
Notes : A semantic shift has to be supposed in Khoe: "to go (with)" > "to bring along, take".
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Total of 481 record 25 pages
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